This investigation was conducted to assess the groundwater potential of Goraya Cawl and Amoud sites for developing a sustainable water supply for Borama Town.
Key Findings:
- Site Overview:
- Goraya Cawl:
- Located 11 km southeast of Borama.
- Predominantly characterized by Adigrat sandstone formations surrounded by basement rocks.
- Amoud:
- Situated 5 km east of Borama.
- Features Jurassic limestone and sandstone formations preserved within tectonically formed grabens.
- Goraya Cawl:
- Aquifer Characteristics:
- Amoud Area:
- Aquifers are composed of Jurassic limestone and Adigrat sandstone.
- Groundwater is located at depths of 230–250 m in central areas and 160–200 m in peripheral zones.
- Goraya Cawl:
- Aquifer potential is limited within the Adigrat sandstone.
- Groundwater is generally found at depths ranging between 140–180 m.
- Amoud Area:
- Challenges:
- High salinity levels in specific areas.
- Geological formations pose drilling challenges, including caving and circulation losses, necessitating advanced drilling techniques.
Recommendations:
- Proposed Borehole Locations:
- Goraya Cawl:
- Recommended depth: 160–180 m at VES-5 site.
- Amoud:
- Recommended depths exceeding 200 m.
- Two priority drilling sites identified.
- Goraya Cawl:
- Drilling Approach:
- Utilize rigs equipped with mud rotary systems capable of handling large-diameter pits.
- Install steel or uPVC casings with suitable gravel packing and observation pipes for ongoing monitoring.
- Water Quality Considerations:
- Target fractured limestone and sandstone zones to access high-quality water.
- Avoid saline layers through careful site selection and appropriate casing design.
- Implementation Steps:
- Engage competent hydrogeologists for supervision during drilling and well development.
- Conduct continuous geophysical surveys and water quality monitoring.
This investigation emphasizes the importance of precise geological assessments and advanced drilling techniques to ensure reliable water supply development for Borama Town.
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